Understanding Stuttering

What is Stuttering?

Stuttering is a speech disorder that affects the fluency and flow of speech. Developmental stuttering is the most common type of stutter, and often starts between 2-5 years old. Stutters can manifest in different ways such as:

Repetitions:

  • Part-word repetitions: Repeating sounds or syllables (e.g., "t-t-take")

  • Whole-word repetitions: Repeating whole words (e.g., "Go-go-go over there")

  • Phrase repetitions: Repeating phrases (e.g., "I want-I want to go")

Audible and Inaudible Blocks, i.e:

  • Prolongations: Stretching out sounds (e.g., "sssssssun")

  • Blocks: Pauses or blocks in speech where no sound comes out (e.g., "I ____ want to go")

Superfluous Behaviours:

  • Physical tension or struggle (e.g., lip pursing, jaw clenching, arm/ hand movements)

  • Avoidance behaviors (e.g., avoiding speaking or certain words)

  • Using filler words like "um" or "ah")

  • Facial grimaces or excessive eye blinking

When is Ideal Intervention?

Early intervention is key! If you notice that your child is stuttering, consult a speech pathologist:

  • Before 3 years old: Monitor and seek advice if concerned and your child has been stuttering for more than 6 months.

  • 3-5 years old: Ideal time for intervention, as stuttering is more likely to resolve with therapy.

  • After 5 years old: Still beneficial, but may require more intensive therapy.

What is the Lidcombe Program?

The Lidcombe Program is an evidence-based, gold standard behavioural treatment for young children who stutter, developed by the University of Sydney. It is a parent-led approach, where speech pathologists teach and support parents to provide feedback to their child in natural settings such as home and daily activities. The Lidcombe Program:

  • Is suitable for children under 6 years old.

  • Involves weekly sessions with a speech pathologist and daily home practice.

Can my child ‘grow out’ of a stutter without therapy?

Natural Recovery: About 75-80% of children who stutter will recover naturally. However, is it hard to predict who will recover without intervention. Factors such as a family history of stuttering will need to be considered. If stuttering persists for 6-12 months, seek professional advice.

When should I consult a Speech Pathologist?

If you notice:

  • Stuttering persists or worsens over time, especially if it has been 6 months.

  • Your child is distressed or avoiding speaking.

  • Family members are concerned.

  • There is a family history of stuttering.

How does a Speech Pathologist help?

A speech pathologist will:

  • Assess your child's stuttering and overall communication skills.

  • If your child is 6 and under, the speech pathologist will implement the Lidcombe Program, working with your and your child to improve fluency, build confidence and teach you strategies on how to manage stuttering.

Early intervention and support can make a big difference! If you have concerns about your child's stuttering, consult a speech pathologist for guidance and support.